Foucault- First there must be power in order for subjects to emerge. Subjects are produced through culture and power. Our subjectivity is based on the idea of knowledge/power. We are formed as individuals by the institutions that have power. “The subject is the vehicle of power”. It is a continuous circle of power reproduction. Institutions that have power need subjects to have power over. Foucault disagrees with the institutions that formed to find truths. He believes that there is no “truth”.
Freud’s two models of subjectivity are the unconscious and the oedipal complex. The unconscious us where we repress thoughts that we don’t want to enter into our conscious, but they often slip out. The development of the subject is based on the child’s relationships with the parents during the oedipal stage. At first the boy desires the mother and wants to replace his father, but then power of his father makes him see that there is a threat of castration, so he goes with his father. The subject is constructed through these experiences.
Lacan- In order for the subject to emerge, language must be there. The subject is constructed through a very complex process. The subject is constructed through the world of language, specifically through the mirror-stage. This stage is when the child first realizes that they are separate from the rest of the world. They then become lost in the symbolic world. Once subjects are created, they constantly desire to get back to the imaginary.
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